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-
- (C) 15 DEC 88
-
- Eric Gustafson
- 2018 S. Avenida Planeta
- Tucson, AZ 85710
-
-
- MODIFICATIONS TO TNC-1 DATA CARRIER DETECTOR (DCD) CIRCUIT
-
-
-
- These modifications are to allow TNC-1 modem operation with
- a narrow IF filter on HF.
-
- NOTE! For 1200 baud HF work on 10 meters, the normal 2.4
- KHz SSB filter constitutes a "narrow" filter for
- the demodulator.
-
- There are three objectives to these modifications:
-
- 1. Provide threshold control for the DCD circuit. This
- allows the operator to adjust the demodulator to
- compensate for the DCD threshold shift which accompanies
- bandwidth limiting the audio fed to the demodulator when
- a narrow filter is used in the radio. This also allows
- the operator to adjust the DCD threshold for operation
- at 1200 baud on VHF FM to prevent excessive DCD falsing
- when using unsquelched audio.
-
- 2. Add hysteresis to the Data Carrier Detector. This
- reduces the DCD's sensitivity to noise. It does this
- WITHOUT DEGRADING DCD ACQUISITION TIME for a valid data
- carrier. It also prevents short glitches from appearing
- at the DCD output on attack and release.
-
- 3. Add DCD hang time on release. This is to keep DCD valid
- through a short multipath hit in the middle of a packet.
- Without this, a TNC watching the DCD line waiting to
- transmit will key up before the other station is
- finished sending its packet. Currently, this happens
- very frequently on HF packet channels. Again, this
- benefit is gained WITHOUT DEGRADING DCD ACQUISITION TIME
- for a valid packet.
-
- The MFJ-1278 is currently the only commercially available
- TNC I know of for HF packet use which has a modem that is
- truly optimized for the mode in this respect. The
- modifications given here will upgrade the modem in your
- TNC-1 to the level of DCD performance of the 1278 modem.
-
- Any manufacturers of the TNC-1 can feel free to incorporate
- this change into their hardware if they wish without
- incurring any obligation to myself or TAPR. I am available
- to answer any quetions in this area.
-
-
- STEP BY STEP MODIFICATION
-
- 1. Remove the 470 K resistor at R48. Be careful not to
- damage the circuit board pads or traces as they will be
- needed later in the modification.
-
- 2. Form a parallel network consisting of a 180 K resistor
- and a 0.01 microfarad cap. Make this network as compact
- as possible as it will have to fit underneath the
- circuit board. Solder this network in place under the
- board. One end goes to pin 3 and the other to pin 6 of
- the 2211 socket (U18).
-
- 3. Under the circuit board, connect a 4.7 K resistor from
- U18 pin 1 (+12 V) to U18 pin 6.
-
- 4. As close to U18 pin 5 as possible, isolate U18 pin 5
- from the circuit by cutting traces to this pin.
-
- 5. Remove R50 from the circuit board.
-
- 6. Mount a 14 pin IC socket in the wire wrap area of the
- TNC-1 circuit board. This socket will be used to hold
- a 74HC14 HEX schmitt trigger to be used for the DCD
- "Hang Time" circuit. This IC will be called UX.
-
- 7. Connect UX pin 14 to the +5 volt rail.
-
- 8. Connect UX pin 7 to the ground rail.
-
- 9. Connect a 10 K resistor from UX pin 1 to the +5 volt
- rail.
-
- 10. Under the board, solder a jumper wire from U18 pin 5 to
- UX pin 1.
-
- 11. Form a parallel network consisting of a 1N4148 or
- equivalent diode and a 220 K resistor. Connect this
- network between UX pin 2 and UX pin 3 (cathode end of
- diode to pin 3).
-
- 12. Connect a 2.2 uF electrolytic capacitor from UX pin 3
- to the ground rail (negative side of cap to ground).
-
- 13. Connect UX pins 11 and 13 to UX pin 1.
-
- 14. Connect UX pins 10 and 12 to UX pin 2.
-
- 15. Connect UX pin 4 to UX pin 5.
-
- 16. Connect UX pin 6 to UX pin 9.
-
- 17. Under the board, solder a jumper wire between UX pin 8
- and U32 pin 4.
-
- 18. In the wire wrap area, mount a 2N3904 or equivalent
- transistor. This will be called QX.
-
- 19. Connect QX emitter to the ground rail.
-
- 20. Connect a 10 K resistor from QX base to UX pin 4.
-
- 21. Under the board, solder a jumper wire from QX collector
- to the TNC-1's modem disconnect header pin 18.
-
- 22. Solder one end of a 39 K resistor into the R48 pad
- which is connected to U18 pin 3 (stand resistor body up
- above the board).
-
- 23. Mount a 100 K linear taper potentiometer (pot) on the
- TNC cabinet front panel. This will be used as the DCD
- threshold control.
-
- 23. Set the pot to its maximum counter clockwise rotation.
- Measure the resistance to the remaining arms of the
- pot. Solder a wire between the one which measures zero
- ohms and the remaining unused pad at R48. Short the
- remaining arm to the wiper.
-
- 26. Check all the solder connections and install the 74HC14
- in the socket at UX.
-
-
- When operating a TNC with a DCD threshold control, set the
- control so that the DCD LED on the front panel flashes
- occasionally when there is no signal present. The "false
- DCD" duty cycle should be approximately 20 percent.
-
- When operating VHF FM with the radio squelched, the DCD will
- not false. If you MUST operate with the radio squelched
- (thus incurring the penalty of the additional delay time of
- the squelch circuit), set the threshold fully clockwise as
- described below.
-
- The audio bandwidth of some VHF FM radios is so wide that
- the DCD will not false regardless of the threshold control
- setting. This will almost always be true when the audio is
- obtained ahead of the radio's squelch controled stage before
- deemphasis. For these radios simply turn the control fully
- clockwise. This sets the DCD to maximum sensitivity. DCD
- operation will not be impaired.
-
- This completes the TNC-1 modem modification.
-
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